PDO->__construct()
(PHP 5 >= 5.1.0, PECL pdo:0.1-1.0.3)
PDO->__construct() — Creates a PDO instance representing a connection to a database
说明
Creates a PDO instance to represent a connection to the requested database.
参数
- dsn
-
The Data Source Name, or DSN, contains the information required to connect to the database.
In general, a DSN consists of the PDO driver name, followed by a colon, followed by the PDO driver-specific connection syntax. Further information is available from the PDO driver-specific documentation.
The dsn parameter supports three different methods of specifying the arguments required to create a database connection:
- Driver invocation
-
dsn contains the full DSN.
- URI invocation
-
dsn consists of
uri:followed by a URI that defines the location of a file containing the DSN string. The URI can specify a local file or a remote URL.uri:file:///path/to/dsnfile - Aliasing
-
dsn consists of a name name that maps to
pdo.dsn.namein php.ini defining the DSN string.Note: The alias must be defined in php.ini, and not .htaccess or httpd.conf
- username
-
The user name for the DSN string. This parameter is optional for some PDO drivers.
- password
-
The password for the DSN string. This parameter is optional for some PDO drivers.
- driver_options
-
A key=>value array of driver-specific connection options.
返回值
Returns a PDO object on success.
错误／异常
PDO->__construct() throws a PDOException if the attempt to connect to the requested database fails.
范例
Example#1 Create a PDO instance via driver invocation
<?php
/* Connect to an ODBC database using driver invocation */
$dsn = 'mysql:dbname=testdb;host=127.0.0.1';
$user = 'dbuser';
$password = 'dbpass';
try {
$dbh = new PDO($dsn, $user, $password);
} catch (PDOException $e) {
echo 'Connection failed: ' . $e->getMessage();
}
?>
Example#2 Create a PDO instance via URI invocation
The following example assumes that the file /usr/local/dbconnect exists with file permissions that enable PHP to read the file. The file contains the PDO DSN to connect to a DB2 database through the PDO_ODBC driver:
odbc:DSN=SAMPLE;UID=john;PWD=mypass
The PHP script can then create a database connection by simply passing the uri: parameter and pointing to the file URI:
<?php
/* Connect to an ODBC database using driver invocation */
$dsn = 'uri:file:///usr/local/dbconnect';
$user = '';
$password = '';
try {
$dbh = new PDO($dsn, $user, $password);
} catch (PDOException $e) {
echo 'Connection failed: ' . $e->getMessage();
}
?>
Example#3 Create a PDO instance using an alias
The following example assumes that php.ini contains the following entry to enable a connection to a MySQL database using only the alias mydb:
[PDO]
pdo.dsn.mydb="mysql:dbname=testdb;host=localhost"
<?php
/* Connect to an ODBC database using an alias */
$dsn = 'mydb';
$user = '';
$password = '';
try {
$dbh = new PDO($dsn, $user, $password);
} catch (PDOException $e) {
echo 'Connection failed: ' . $e->getMessage();
}
?>
