(PHP 4 >= 4.0.6, PHP 5)
array_map — 将回调函数作用到给定数组的单元上
array_map() 返回一个数组,该数组包含了 arr1 中的所有单元经过 callback 作用过之后的单元。callback 接受的参数数目应该和传递给 array_map() 函数的数组数目一致。
Example#1 array_map() 例子
<?php
function cube($n)
{
return($n * $n * $n);
}
$a = array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
$b = array_map("cube", $a);
print_r($b);
?>
这使得 $b 成为:
Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => 8 [2] => 27 [3] => 64 [4] => 125 )
Example#2 array_map() - 使用更多的数组
<?php
function show_Spanish($n, $m)
{
return("The number $n is called $m in Spanish");
}
function map_Spanish($n, $m)
{
return(array($n => $m));
}
$a = array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
$b = array("uno", "dos", "tres", "cuatro", "cinco");
$c = array_map("show_Spanish", $a, $b);
print_r($c);
$d = array_map("map_Spanish", $a , $b);
print_r($d);
?>
上例将输出:
// printout of $c Array ( [0] => The number 1 is called uno in Spanish [1] => The number 2 is called dos in Spanish [2] => The number 3 is called tres in Spanish [3] => The number 4 is called cuatro in Spanish [4] => The number 5 is called cinco in Spanish ) // printout of $d Array ( [0] => Array ( [1] => uno ) [1] => Array ( [2] => dos ) [2] => Array ( [3] => tres ) [3] => Array ( [4] => cuatro ) [4] => Array ( [5] => cinco ) )
通常使用了两个或更多数组时,它们的长度应该相同,因为回调函数是平行作用于相应的单元上的。如果数组的长度不同,则最短的一个将被用空的单元扩充。
本函数一个有趣的用法是构造一个数组的数组,这可以很容易的通过用 NULL 作为回调函数名来实现。
Example#3 建立一个数组的数组
<?php
$a = array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
$b = array("one", "two", "three", "four", "five");
$c = array("uno", "dos", "tres", "cuatro", "cinco");
$d = array_map(null, $a, $b, $c);
print_r($d);
?>
上例将输出:
Array ( [0] => Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => one [2] => uno ) [1] => Array ( [0] => 2 [1] => two [2] => dos ) [2] => Array ( [0] => 3 [1] => three [2] => tres ) [3] => Array ( [0] => 4 [1] => four [2] => cuatro ) [4] => Array ( [0] => 5 [1] => five [2] => cinco ) )
参见 array_filter(),array_reduce(),array_walk() 和有关 callback 类型的信息。